表示时间之时,when比while的用法广泛。两者有时可通用,但略有不同。when和while的区别一:when 当......之时(时间点),后接短暂性瞬间动词when 在......期间(时间段),后接延续性动词表示主句的动作和when从句动作同时发生,也可以是先后发生。while 在......期间(时间段),后接延续性动词表示主句的动作发生在while从句所描述的时间之内发生。因此,when可后接短暂性或延续性动词,而while只能接延续性动词。后接短暂性终止性瞬间动词时,常用when,不用while;后接延续性动词时,when和while常可替换使用;I was writing a letter when she came in.
当她进来的时候,我正在写信。I was reading when you came in.当你进来的时候,我正在看书。came是短暂性瞬间动词,此处when不能用while代替反过来说:She came in while I was writing a letter.=
I was writing a letter when she came in.
You came in while I was reading.= You came in when I was reading.read是延续性动词,此处when可用while代替when和while的区别二:1.when分句有时并不是充当时间状语从句,倒是前面的句子为when分句提供了时间背景。大致可分为三种情况:(when从句一般过去时-短暂性动词,表示动作的突然想或重要信息性;一般要把when分句译在句尾;while却没有此种用法)
a. Sb. _was(were) doing_ sth. when… (某人正在做某事, 就在这时突然…)b. Sb. _was(were) about to do/was(were) going to do sth. when… (某人就要做某事, 就在这时突然…)
was(were) on the point of, when(某人就要做某事, 就在这时突然…)c. Sb. had (just) done sth. when… (某人刚刚做完某事, 就在这时突然…)sb had been doing sth. when (某人刚刚做完某事, 就在这时突然…)
We were playing games happily when we heard a cry.我们正在高兴地玩游戏的时候,(突然)听见了一声大叫。
We were about to start when it began to rain.
我们刚要出发,(突然)就开始下雨了。
He was on point of leaving when someone knocked at the gate.
他刚要走,(突然)有人敲门。
We had been asleep for only a few hours when we heard a brisk knock on the bedroom door.
我们只睡了几个小时,(突然)就听见急促的敲门声。《亲历历史》
The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began it to rain.
飞机播种了近一个月才开始下雨。(新概念英语,Book2,L62)
2.若主句和从句的动作都比较长,表示同时发生,更常用while此时可用进行时态或一般时态He waited in the car while I was in the shop.当我在店里的时候,他在车里等着。
He was watching TV while I was writing.当我在写作的时候,他正在看电视。
when和while的区别三:
When可表示某个动作发生结束后紧接着另一个动作发生,而while则不可以:
总是强调表示主句的动作和when从句动作同时发生,也可以是先后发生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at party.
汤姆很扫兴的是,他到大聚会地时,大部分客人都已经走了。(高考真题)
when the bell rang, John went out of the classroom.
铃声响后,约翰走出了教室。
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
我们正在交谈的时候,老师走了进来。
若表示时间跨度很长,一般用when 比较自然,时间跨度不长,可用while.
总是强调表示主句的动作发生在while从句所描述的时间之内发生。
When I was young, I played football.
当我年轻的时候,我踢足球。
While the movie was on, he left the cinema.
电影正在放的时候,他离开了电影院。