介词including，意思是:“包括，包含”实际上是由动词include变化而成。

表示所提到的名词进行进一步的确定，所以无论including 的位置是句中，还是句尾，大都用来作定语，偶尔可以作状语。

1.作定语

I have got three days' holiday including New Year' Day.

包括元旦在内，我有三天假期。

Six people were killed in the accident, including a policeman.

事故中有6人死亡，包括一个警察。

It is $ 7.5, not including tax.

费用共计7.5美元，不包括税款。

Stars including John Collins are expected to attend the opening ceremony.

包括约翰·柯林斯在内的明星们预计届时都会参加开幕仪式。

All animals including men feed on plants or other animals.

包括人类在内的所有动物都以植物或者其他动物为食。

Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive.

喜欢一个人似乎有很多因素，包括我们发现某人身上有吸引人的东西。

2.作状语

He was fully dressed, including shoes.

他穿戴整齐，(包括)鞋都穿好了。