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afraid/ fear/ frightened
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afraid “害怕”是形容词,只能作表语,而不能作定语,后接of 短语或不定式,构成 be afraid of sb. /sth. 和 be afraid to do sth.
① She is afraid of a snake.
她害怕蛇。
② The little girl is afraid to go out at night.
这个小女孩晚上不敢出门。
afraid + that clause “恐怕”,是婉转拒绝别人的一种表达方式。如:
① I’m afraid (that) I can’t go to the party. My sister is sick.
恐怕我不能去参加聚会了。我妹妹病了。
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fear “害怕”是动词,与be afraid 往往通用,但不如它常用(特别是在口语中)。如:
① They fear no difficulty.
他们不怕困难。
② He feared to speak his mind.
他不敢说出自己的想法。
③ Fearing that she would catch cold, I went out to see her.
因为怕她会受凉,我走去看她。
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frightened adj. “受惊吓的、害怕的” 可作表语,也可作定语。如:
① She is too frightened to move.
她太害怕了不能动弹。
② A frightened girl is crying.
一个受惊的女孩正在哭。
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